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Study Finds Chatbot Answers Medical Questions Better Than
Doctors
June 2023
There's a lot of hype surrounding ChatGPT (chat.openai.com),
currently the most widely used artificial intelligence text generator. Of course,
I'm a progenitor of such hype. But when the hype comes from a journal of the
American Medical Association, it lends a certain credibility. And, if anything,
the results of a recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine actually
exceed the hype.
The authors of the study wondered how ChatGPT's answers to medical
questions from individuals would compare to answers given by medical
professionals. They selected 195 medical questions that had been answered in
Reddit's AskDocs forum by verified healthcare professionals. They then asked
ChatGPT to also answer each of those 195 questions.
Then they had a panel of three licensed healthcare
professionals read the two answers to each question without knowing anything
about the source of the answer. These physicians were simply asked which of the
two answers was best in terms of quality and in terms of empathy.
ChatGPT excelled on both counts. In terms of quality, the
raters found that 79% of ChatGPT's responses were good or very good compared to
22% of the responses from doctors. In terms of empathy, the raters found that
45% of ChatGPT's responses were empathic or very empathic compared to 5% of the
doctors' responses.
This doesn't mean you should use ChatGPT instead of a
doctor. ChatGPT itself always cautions that it's important for a person to
consult a healthcare professional or specialist.
What it does mean is that ChatGPT can do astonishing things.
A friend of mine recently mentioned in passing how grateful
he was that I had written about ChatGPT--and went on to tell me some
extraordinary things it's done for him. Years ago, in his master's thesis in
geometry at the University of California Davis, he discussed a general theorem
that he determined would be difficult to prove and would be well beyond the
scope of his proof of a specific instance of invariant convexity. So recently,
out of curiosity, he asked ChatGPT to prove this more general theorem. ChatGPT
did so in seconds, and my friend was thrilled.
He was also excited about his use of it to translate
articles on his Chinese friend's website into English. He gave one of the
translations to this friend, who is fluent in both languages, and she said the
translation was perfect and better than a human could do.
Let's remember, though, that everything ChatGPT does is
gleaned from human texts. It's not itself intelligent. It's as if it has
assimilated the world's knowledge and can, on demand, apply it your specific prompt.
Google is very afraid. It seems antiquated in comparison,
and Google knows that unless it comes up with something revolutionary to compete
with the new Large Language Model chatbots, its business could vanish. To that
end, Google is obsessed with modernizing it search engine, and, as I write this
in early May, the company is planning to begin rolling out some changes this
month. Features they're exploring include using a chatbot to search for music
and the ability to interact with a chatbot while using their Chrome browser.
They've also rolled out their Bard chatbot to a limited
number of users, but when I asked it to write a history of Fairfield, the
result was bizarre. It said that Fairfield was located near the Chisholm Trail
and that it was a "major center of the cattle trade and was home to several
stockyards and packing plants." Also, I haven't been able to figure out how to see
my previous conversations with Bard.
Microsoft, too, is desperate to compete, but their Bing Chat
feature, which is gradually being made available, is inferior as I write this.
There doesn't seem to be any way to see its previous responses. That's a key
feature that ChatGPT does well. When I asked a specific medical question to
ChatGPT-4, I was able to go back weeks later and ask follow-up questions in the
conversation.
Microsoft is so desperate to take advantage of the current upheaval
in search that they've begun offering rewards for using their Bing search
engine. You can earn points every time you search with Bing, and then use those
for gift cards or other prizes.
Meanwhile, ChatGPT-4 forges ahead, offering more features,
such as plugins that increase its capabilities. ChatGPT-4 is also now available
on smartphone apps. My favorite so far is ChatOn, which gives you access to
ChatGPT-4 for $40 per year compared to $20 per month when you access it via
your browser.
I've subscribed to both, of course. I don't ever want to be
without ChatGPT-4 nearby. But if you're reluctant to pay, you can still use
version 3.5 for free (chat.openai.com). It's actually the version my friend
used for his geometry proof and Chinese translation.
© 2023 by Jim Karpen, Ph.D.
E-mail
Jim Karpen
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